Ten Commandments of Investing - First Commandment

A young man I know started to break into theearned assets?
executive ranks at the multinational company heBy the end of the very next day, the market not only
worked and realized he should focus more onstarted to recover, but regained about half of
investing his personal assets. Eventually he wanted toMonday's loss. The world did not end, and he could
stop working for money, and let his money work forcontinue his vacation much more relaxed than he had
him. He had bought and sold his first two houses for abeen for the last 36 hours. Oh maybe I forgot to
tidy profit and was now living in the third home, situatedmention - and you may be wondering who that young
on a half acre lot in a nice suburban neighborhood. Upinvestor was - it was me!
until that time he had been investing primarily in hisWhat is the lesson we all should learn from my
home and investment (mutual) funds. He also had usedexperience? There is an appropriate saying (for which
debts wisely, and watched Louis Rukeyser's WallI cannot find the original source) - "The night is darkest
Street regularly. Other than one nearly catastrophicjust before dawn". When the market is down it is a far
experience with trading stock options, his investmentsbetter time to buy than when it was up. Had I invested
were rising steadily year after year.more at the end of that gloomy day I would have
One particular weekend was especially exciting. Theearned a 10% return the next day! In the stock market
day after watching his favorite weekly televisionI could have borrowed (on margin) to buy and would
program for investors, he would be leaving his twohave earned a very large return on someone else's
young kids with his in-laws, and boarding a flight withmoney.
his wife for a second honeymoon in Hawaii. The stockSo the First Commandment of Investing: Buy Low -
market had been rising for several months, and wasSell High is simple... but like the other Commandments
already up 17% year to date. His assets were risingyou will read about in future articles... it is simple, but not
along with the market. These assets along with theireasy to follow. This is the same as the 10
two salaries allowed them to travel without a care inCommandments in the Bible, Torah, Koran, or the list of
the world. Unbeknownst at that time, this youngnegative actions in the Buddhist teachings. Those
investor would be a billionaire within 20 years. Life doesuniversal rules are simple... but not easy to follow all the
not get much better than this!time.
One of the panelists on the show that week was Dr.How do you know when the market or a particular
Martin Zweig (the regular viewers know him as Marty).stock is at or near a low? You will never know for
This particular weekend he was the gloomiest of thesure until after the fact, although the best indicator
panelists, and said boldly his indicators were sowhen you have a lot of money invested and the price
negative, he felt we were about to have a [stock]continues to drop is the knot in your stomach. The
market crash. The other panelists and the specialmore intense that knot becomes the more likely you
guest that evening were much more upbeat given theshould ignore the pain and buy more. Simple... but not
great momentum and the cash still flowing into stocks.easy! Did you buy more stocks in 2001 and 2002, or in
On Monday morning, the young couple woke up in their2008 and 2009?
luxurious Maui hotel room at 6:00 AM to take fullHow many times have drops in prices led to a mass
advantage of what the Hawaiian beaches and thatexodus of investors? It happens one or more times
crystal clear blue ocean had to offer. As they gotper year in most markets around the world.
ready for breakfast, they watched a few minutes ofUnfortunately for many novice investors it only
CNN and felt a bit disoriented and of course jet lagged.happens once. They sell, calculate their losses and
For those that have only seen Hawaii on one of thevow to never "gamble" again. I remember well what
maps showing it in an inset off the coast of California,happened in 1994 in Poland when the young stock
may not realize that 6:00 A.M. in Hawaii is 12:00 noon inmarket crashed about 90%. The money they lost was
New York, and 6:00 PM in Europe. It really is a longearned by some smarter investor who bought their
distance from the US West Coast. The newscasterlow priced shares - and sold them later for a profit.
was saying the stock market (US Dow Jones IndustrialMaybe that is the thing we forget - every time we buy
average) has already dropped 250 points (10%) anda stock someone has to be willing to sell it to us at
seemed to be in free fall that morning.that price. When we sell - someone buys it from us.
Well breakfast could be delayed for a few minutes forThe smart investors buy low... and sell high.
a call to the stock broker and investment fundDuring 2008 and the first quarter of 2009 the stock
company to find out what is going on and maybe putmarkets around the world dropped 50% or more from
in some sell orders. Well several million people had thetheir highs in 2007. Following the First Commandment
same idea and every number he tried to call wasfaithfully meant as the market dropped I invested
busy. Probably the best thing to do was have a calmmore. Unfortunately, the market dropped further and I
breakfast, a brief walk on the beach, and then try thestarted to get that knot in my stomach. I invested
phones again. By the time he could place a call themore until I reached my maximum leverage (I not only
market had slowed its decline, but the lines were stillinvested all my cash, I also used margin debt to buy
busy. Does this sound familiar? What would you do?more). What happened? The market dropped again in
The day ended with a 508.3 point (22.6%) drop from2009 and I was starting to feel a knot about the size
the prior week's close. This was the biggest one dayof Black Monday. It was to the point I was starting to
loss in history, now known as Black Monday - it wasquestion this fundamental principle and debating
October 19, 1987. He was young and an inexperiencedwhether to put sell orders in to lower my debt. Within
investor and really not sure what to do. And given thatweeks the market jumped and my worries were once
the phones were all blocked there was not much heagain proven to be a waste of time and energy.
could do.Much has changed in those many years since Black
In the news that evening, and in all the newspapers theMonday. Even though I am still young I now have a lot
next day, the journalists were drawing parallels to themore investment experience. The world has changed
market crash in September 1929 which led to thedramatically, including New Europe being freed from
Great Depression. The percentage loss was nearlythe Soviet Union, and willingly joining the European
double that in 1929. The charts looked eerily similarUnion. China has shifted to a capitalist based economy,
when rescaled and 1987 overlaid on 1929. Was thedespite centralized government control. Many trillions of
world about to go into the next depression? Woulddollars have been earned - but one thing did not
millions (along with he and his wife) be losing their jobschange. The basic principles of sound investing did not
as happened in the early 1930's? The more he readchange. Learn them, starting with the First
and watched the news the more he worried. Would 11Commandment: Buy Low - Sell High, and stick with
years of hard work, savings and investments be lost?them. You will be glad you did!
Was it too late to sell and recover some of his hard