Performance Management - Making Appraisals Work

I once saw a quote in a book by Tom Clancy, calledtraining needs.
"Net Force" (Published by Headline Book Publishing, aHowever, if a company so chooses, there is nothing to
Division of Hodder Headline PLC, ISBN 0 7472 6040 0).prevent them carrying out Parts A and B at the same
The quote read:time, say both at the end of the year. But we do urge
"Remember the Rule of the 5Pssuch companies to hold two separate discussions
- Proper Planning Prevents Poor Performance"between Appraiser and Appraisee, in order that
I could not agree more! (Actually the quote was thesufficient focus is directed to the employee's
6Ps - I left out the four-letter expletive that wentlonger-term potential and training and development
before the word 'poor'!) In my view, the essence of aneeds.
good performance management system revolvesPMS has four basic components, which are largely
around planning - in this case individual performanceguided by the business planning cycle.
planning, derived from organisational planning. When thisPerformance Planning
model is followed, not only will planned business goalsIn January (or at the start of the cycle, if it is not
be more effectively achieved, individuals will be moreJanuary) of each year, following the company's annual
motivated, as they know with greater clarity than everbusiness planning process, and the previous year's
before, exactly what is expected of them, and whatappraisal on each Manager and Executive, the
their part has been in the company's success.Appraiser and Appraisee jointly AGREE targets for
Organisations that are better able to reward goodthe coming year, which must flow from agreed Key
performances, are planning for their future success.Result Areas. These individual targets cascade directly
The Performance Management System (PMS) which Ifrom the company's corporate business objectives,
have designed for a number of companies here, hasand are supplemented by more personal goals that
two distinct parts A and B, and is the means by whichare often developmental in nature.
individual managerial or supervisory performance isPerformance Review
linked to an organisation's business objectives andThroughout the year, Appraiser and Appraisee need
operating plans (Part A) and to the organisation'sto have regular informal meetings to review progress
future through assessing the potential of eachagainst targets. They examine together where
managerial or executive level employee(Part B). Forrevisions may need to be made in the light of changing
any company to be successful every Manager mustbusiness priorities, or where it is felt that a previously
establish and agree precise, measurable and objectiveagreed target may now be unattainable due to
standards and goals for individual performance that willcircumstances beyond the control of the Appraisee.
in turn lead to improved performance by the companyChanges to targets should not ordinarily be made in
as a whole.cases where targets have been achieved or
This Performance Management System (and its sisterexceeded far earlier than expected. However,
system, covering clerical and operator levelAppraiser and Appraisee may agree on additional
employees), is put together after many years oftargets where this will benefit both the company and
experience with performance management, both as athe Appraisee.
Corporate Human Resource Manager and as aWhilst Performance Review discussions do not need
Consultant. Our aim is to provide our clients with all theto be recorded formally, Appraisers should keep a
company needs to introduce a simple, but effectivesimple record of the discussion to help with the formal
system of measuring and rewarding employeeyear-end appraisal. Any amendments to targets,
performances.however, should be recorded for help with the year
The Aims of PMSend appraisal. I would recommend that these reviews
· PMS aims to make every managerial andtake place at least quarterly.
supervisory level employee completely aware of thePerformance Appraisal
company's business plans, and through the cascadingIn December each year (or at the end of the cycle, if
of those plans to individuals, provide them with thecompany does not operate on a calendar year),
motivation to achieve, and then, the ownership ofAppraiser and Appraisee meet to discuss, review and
successevaluate the Appraisee's performance. The Overall
· PMS is concerned with improvement -Appraisal Rating will determine the quantum of merit
organisationally through increased contribution by eachincrement to be awarded.
individual and personally through the broadening ofPerformance Development Assessment
experience and career opportunities.This takes place at mid-year, usually (but not
· It aims to make the appraisal of Managersnecessarily) concurrent to the mid year review of
and Supervisors as fair as possible and lessperformance. It is separated in time from the formal
subjective, by focusing on planning, performance,Performance Appraisal in order that the focus is totally
priorities and key result areas.on the employee's future. This enables the discussion
· It seeks to provide rigorous and currentto be free of the constraints often imposed by the
information about an executive in order to activatePerformance Appraisal's focus on the Overall
appropriate training and development opportunities andPerformance Rating and its link to financial reward.
to facilitate career progression.The completion of the Performance Development
The Role of PMSAssessment form helps us to obtain qualitative
PMS is central not only to a need to develop, train andinformation about each Manager's or Supervisor's
motivate employees, but also to its continued businessabilities, potential, aspirations career direction and
success. It provides a structure to focus the resourcesdevelopment needs.
and activities of all Managers on achieving theWhilst this fourth component may not have short-term
company's major business objectives. PMS is theimpact upon the company's business plans and results,
basis for assessment of performance, ability andit is clearly essential in the longer term. This is
potential and an essential source of data onparticularly true when looking at the section on Long
employees for manpower and succession planningTerm Career Potential. This forward looking
purposes.assessment examines the Appraiser's view now on
Completion of Parts A and B are best separated inthe Appraisee's potential in fairly senior roles and is an
time, eg by six months. When the two quite differentessential part of long term succession planning.
objectives of each part are separated in time, theThere is so much that can be said and written about
experience of many major companies has been thatperformance appraisals, and I'll let this suffice for now,
far more effective attention is given to thebut will return to the topic again in the future.
assessment of individuals' potential, development and