Performance Management - Avoid the Fundamental Attribution Error

Being masterful at giving feedback requires thatthe individuals that we encounter. The pitfall is that
managers are able to separate fact from fiction andwhile we consider the circumstances when explaining
reality from perception. There is a powerful principalour own behavior when it comes to the behavior of
discovered by social psychologist which often blurs theothers we gravitate toward an explanation that
boundaries when people seek to answer the questionattributes their behavior to their basic nature without
of why someone engages in a particular behavior. Theconsidering the context and situation in which the
principle is called the fundamental attribution error and itbehavior occurs.
relates to how motive is assigned to the actions ofFor the manager who is responsible to assess
others. It the simplest turns the principle states that weperformance and provide feedback, the message is a
assume people behave as they do because that iscautionary one. It is important to realize that committing
the way they are. If someone reacts in a shortthe fundamental attribution error by assuming
tempered fashion it is because they are a rude andsomeone's behavior is always a result of who they
intolerant individual. Conversely we do not apply theare and ignoring the context and situation in which the
same standard when explaining our own actions. Ourbehavior occurred is too simplistic. It is important to
own short temper is explained as resulting from havingconsider both the context and the situation in which the
a bad day, or being tired, or having a headache.performance occurred. A normally polite individual can
In his book Intuition, David Myers relates the results ofbecome rude and short tempered when trying to meet
an experiment conducted by David Napolitan anda tight deadline. This behavior can be disruptive and
George Goethals in which subjects were asked tohave a negative impact on the work team, the
interact with another individual who was a collaboratororganization and even the customer. While this is
in the experiment. The collaborator was instructed toclearly not acceptable performance and should not be
act in either a warm and friendly or a cool and aloofexcused, to focus solely on the issue of rude behavior
manner. As might be expected the subjects perceivedis to miss the mark. The stress of the deadline that
the collaborator as being either warm and friendly orcontributed to the behavior is the root cause of the
cool and aloof depending on how they acted. What isunacceptable performance. Effective performance
surprising is that even when subjects were told beforefeedback from the manager will address the impact of
hand that the collaborator was going to be acting arude behavior because that is the performance issue
role, the subjects still believed that the collaborator'sbut also will focus the discussion of performance
real personality was consistent with the role they wereimprovement around strategies for managing or
playing. This illustrates how powerful the tendency is toeliminating stress. Management's responsibility is to
take the behavior of others out of context.produce results and focusing on root cause by
Inferring the character and motives of others fromavoiding the pitfall of the fundamental attribution error is
their actions is not a bad thing to do. It is part of howone of the tools used by masterful managers.
we make sense of the world and learn to deal with