Measuring and Monitoring Web 2.0 Applications

Executive Summarypageso Reporting data in ways that provide insight into
The Internet and the Web continue to evolve to deliverWeb 2.0 applications.
new customer experiences and increased applicationGetting the Right Data
utility. The label "Web 2.0," while imprecise, signifies theTo sum up the importance of these issues, consider
newest and best examples of this evolutionarythe popular saying coined by Tom DeMarco: You can't
process.Organizations are now adopting these Webcontrol what you don't measure. Measuring the wrong
2.0 technologies and design methods to enable thethings, or basing key management decisions on reports
creation of richer and more responsive interactions. Butthat contain incomplete data, is as bad, if not worse,
to be effective, the resulting applications must also bethan not measuring at all. So it's not wise to measure
significantly more complex than traditional Web sites,Web 2.0 applications using only the tools and
complicating performance management and imposingapproaches developed for traditional Web sites.
new requirements on performance measurementInaccurate data undermines the effectiveness of any
tools.program of systematic performance management
and causes performance-tuning skills and resources to
The Internet and the Web have become the primarybe applied in ways that are not optimal. It can also lead
vehicle for business communications, evolving toto unproductive interdepartmental conflicts and
subsume and replace older technologies. As softwaredisputes over service-level agreements with internal or
technologies exploit steady advances in the Internetexternal service providers when staff question the
hardware platform, the Web continues to evolve toaccuracy of the data, or discover discrepancies in
deliver new user experiences and increaseddata from different sources.
application utility. The most advanced example of theKeynote Web Performance Management Solutions
Web becoming a platform is the rich InternetSuccess in every one of these five performance
application (RIA), reflects the gradual transition of Webmanagement activities depends crucially on an
applications from the simple thin-client Web browser toorganization's ability to gather and report meaningful,
a richer distributed-function paradigm that behavestimely, and accurate measurement data with the focus
more like the desktop in a client/server model.on the right metrics. Since a key idea of Web 2.0 is
Measuring RIA Performanceenhancing the user's experience, it is vital to measure
This architecture complicates performanceactual customer experience proactively.
measurement, whose goal is to understand theMeasuring the Diverse Customer Community
customer's experience. In an RIA, the time to completeOn Web 2.0 sites, personalization options allow
a Web page download may no longer correspond tocustomers to tailor their experience of a site to their
something a user perceives as important, because (forindividual preferences, and sites are carefully designed
example) the client engine may be prefetching someto download and display contents efficiently and
of the downloaded content for future use. Standardsuccessfully in all major browsers. Because customers'
tools that measure the time for Web page downloadsexperience depends on their Internet connectivity, sites
to complete can record misleading data for RIAs. Tomay even adjust their content based on the browser's
implement RIAs successfully, enterprises mustconnection speed. Measurement data must reflect this
re-evaluate their approach to performancediversity.
management. Instead of relying on the definition ofMeasuring Upload and Download Performance
physical Web pages to drive the subdivision ofIn traditional Web applications, customers consume
application response times, RIA developers or toolcontent, so all performance measurement efforts
users must break the application into logical pages.have focused on download times as the key metric.
Measurement tools must recognize meaningfulBut as Web 2.0 applications add collaboration and
application milestones or markers that signal logicalsocial networking features, customers also supply
boundaries of interest for reporting, and subdivide thecontent. To ensure the quality of a customer's
application's response time accordingly.experience, it's therefore necessary to measure and
The Importance of Web Performance Managementreport upload performance as well.
What does Web application performance mean toFor example, the user of a collaborative application
you? Most business executives would evaluate themight navigate to a product or member directory,
success of a Web application by looking at businesscomplete a login or authentication dialog,search for a
performance metrics such as revenue, costs, andcertain subject or interest area, browse the results,
customer satisfaction. Because an application may beselect a particular area of interest, proceed to an
created to serve customers, partners, members of anupload page or dialog, complete a browse dialog to
organization, or employees, the relative importance ofselect content to be uploaded from their laptop or
those metrics may vary. For any Web application,desktop, entering some additional descriptive metadata
effectiveness means simply fulfilling the planned designas appropriate for the application, and click the Upload
and delivery objectives, delivering online experiencesbutton. Throughout this interaction download activities
that lead to satisfied customers, and so meeting theare minimal, and may respond rapidly. But if, after all
intended business performance goals.this work, the upload stage is painfully slow, or fails
Common Goals, Divided Responsibilitiesaltogether, because of congestion at the server end,
In many organizations, responsibility for these fourthat customer may be lost forever.
aspects of effectiveness is divided among four groupsFor an organization needing to measure and ensure
or departments.the quality of its customers' experience when
Divide and Conquer:contributing content to a collaborative or social
Business - experts provide the content or specify thenetworking application.
behaviors that are the site's purpose (Utility).Conclusion
Design and usability - professionals specialize in makingWhen considering the need for Web testing and
it easy for customers to navigate the site (Clarity).measurement, it can be tempting to view a Web
Site developers - build the site in ways that determineapplication simply as a collection of Web pages.
download speed (Responsiveness).Adopting that simplifying view makes performance
IT staff - manage the systems that keep the site upmeasurement and reporting tasks easier. But doing so
and running (Availability) and maintain a consistent levelignores the dimension of Web performance most
of performance (Responsiveness).affected by Web 2.0, and maybe the most important
Measurement Challenges of Web 2.0feature of a Web application-the paths taken by Web
The characteristics of Web 2.0 applications highlightedusers. For every Web application, a user's ability to
earlier-the network as a platform, collaborativenavigate smoothly through a relatively small set of
environment, social networking, mashups, and richbusiness transactions-the "money paths"-is the key to
media interfaces-create several additional challengesbusiness success. It is only by completing these key
for all measurement tools. In increasing degree oftransactions that visitors are converted into customers,
complexity, these are:o Measuring an increasinglytriers into buyers. Therefore, in addition to tracking key
diverse customer communityo Measuring the quality ofperformance indicators like conversion rate, most
collaborative interactions, in which customers bothorganizations consider it essential to identify, track, and
upload and download information.o Measuringmeasure their key business transactions. By doing so,
applications that incorporate a much richer variety ofthey can better understand and improve each
media and interfaces.o Measuring application phasesapplication's conversion rate-the second key to site
that no longer correspond to one (or more) HTMLeffectiveness and therefore the health of the business.