Guide to... Performance Measurement and Benefits Tracking with Score Boards

Why Scoreboard Benefits?true!
Setting targets and score-boarding benefits is a keyWe have defined a cost avoidance benefit as an
project management tool to ensure that the teams areamount that the company has not spent in the past
motivated and focused on delivering hard benefitsbut has planned to spend in the future, but will now not
throughout the development of recommendations andhave to spend because of a change in work practice,
implementation.reduction in volume, etc.
The primary purpose of Score-boarding is to put aBaselines
"stake in the ground" before extensive roll out of theSetting appropriate baselines requires good judgement,
recommendation has begun. Having clearly identifiedcommon sense and accurate historical data and
the definition of the benefit, key measures to calculatemeasures.  It would be nice to say that there is one
the benefit, the time frame in which the benefits arestandard baseline period that every team should use
expected to be delivered and who is responsible foron a project.  Unfortunately due to different clients'
delivering the benefits, the scoreboard will facilitate theissues, initiatives and industries, this may lead to
measurement and tracking of actual benefits.confusing results.
Each of the project teams are encouraged to setYou should also adjust the baselines for known future
'stretch targets' with the team responsible for theevents.  For example, in a HR redeployment
implementation of the recommendation.  We believeopportunity assessment, the team may have to
that stretch targets are important for several reasons:develop a different type of baseline because using F
1. Experience shows that when people are challengedY 2011 as a baseline may have overstated the benefit
by significant expectations, they deliver.  Even if thebased on specific known facts about the environment
teams under deliver, the company is better off if afacing the implementation team in F/Y 2012.
team hits 90% of a stretch target of $1000, than 100%Baselines are generally developed in two ways:
of a conservative target of $400.1. based on past performance rates and current work
2. Stretch targets help to ensure that the new processpractices assuming that the volumes remain the same
is actually implemented.  If a team is targeted with a2. based on past performance rates and current work
15% improvement expectation, it can in many casespractices assuming planned future volumes.
be achieved by becoming more efficient or simplyIt is important that the project team reviews the two
working harder.  If a team is targeted with a 70%approaches to determine which provides the "fairest"
improvement expectation, the team will find itbaseline against which to measure progress.
necessary to implement the new solution becausePredicting the future is obviously inherently more
working harder with the old work practices coulddifficult than analysing the past.  However, the limited
never achieve improvements of that magnitude.time frame in which you allow the score-boarding of
3. Remember to agree with the client how success willbenefits helps to reduce the risk in predicting the
be measured. The client must accept that hitting 70%future. 
of a major stretch target is success and reward theTwo Levels of Score-boarding
team so. On the other hand you need to communicateMany projects will require two levels of
to the team that they must hit 100% of the stretchScore-boarding:
target. If they know 70% is acceptable they willOverall
naturally lower their target. If you do this, you have aThese cases document the recommendation and the
team going all out for 100% of the stretch target, butbenefit which will accrue to the company when
when they hit 70% of this target, they are rewarded,national implementation is completed.  The benefits will
they do not feel demoralized and the client thinkshave been calculated based on national averages and
everything went according to plan. You have to keepglobal targets.  The timing of the implementation may
two separate stories for two sides. A like bit likehave been estimated.  Before implementation of the
James Bond; it is what a good consulting leader wouldchanges begins, a more detailed scoreboard calculation
do.must be performed.
Key Features and DefinitionsDetail
A benefit is defined as the incremental improvement inThese scoreboard cases are for those
the results as a result of making a change.  Benefitsrecommendations where implementation is about to
can be financial or non-financial (e.g. a 15%begin.  Detailed baselines and targets have been
improvement in customer satisfaction).  Financialdetermined by geography (if appropriate) or pilot area.
improvements are score-boarded as gross revenue,Before implementation begins in a pilot area, detailed
cost saving, capital reduction or cost avoidance.baselines would have to be set, as the local results
The Scoreboard amount is calculated as the amountwould likely vary from the national averages used in
of benefit that is projected to be implemented by thethe overall scoreboard calculation.  The target may
third quarter of the fiscal. This provides incentive tohave to be re-considered at the local level but should
teams to look for benefits that provide for highhopefully stay the same as the percentage target
annualised savings or turnover increases as well as forused in the overall case.
benefits that can be implemented in the near term -Critical Success Factors
ensuring a bias for action amongst the project teams.1. Keep the process simple.  Focus on the major
Revenue Enhancementsbenefits.  Use measures that the implementation
Revenue enhancement targets must be developedteam will find helpful.
and tracked at the gross level - not at the profit or2. Go for stretch targets but make sure the focus is
operating margin level.  That is not to indicate thaton teams learning from the process of tracking
margin is not an important consideration as marginbenefits; not beating them up if they come close to
impact is a crucial factor in decision making andachieving the stretch target.
analysis.3. Do not worry if the benefit is already a part of the F
Once a decision has been made to go forward with aY budget or something that will go above and beyond
recommendation, you will, however, track revenuethe budget.   The team should focus on identifying
benefits at the gross revenue level.  There are twothe operational measures that will be critical to
primary reasons for this:understanding whether change is happening or not
1. A critical success factor to effective benefitsduring implementation.  Reviewing whether or not
tracking during implementation is to keep it simple sothese benefits have been included in the budget or not
that the implementation teams can own the processis an important step but will be performed separately.
and analyse the findings.  Tracking at the margin levelBenefits of Score-boarding
makes the process more complex.  Which marginUsing score-boarding as a tool on the project has the
should you track at?  Should you use the corporatepotential to deliver benefits beyond those related to
margins?  It is cleaner to track at the gross level andsetting up benefits tracking:
analyse the results at certain points looking at both1. Provides an overall view of financial and operational
revenue and margin.  The teams generally will notbenefits which will be delivered by the programme. 
have the ability to control product margin.  TargetingHaving this type of information developed in a
teams with what they can control is more effective.consistent format (and included in one database)
2. The second reason for focusing the teams onimproves the ability for the company to incorporate the
tracking revenues is the fact that the margins will beresults of the project into the five year plans and
changing at the same time due to the efforts of thebudgets.
rest of implementation (and other initiatives).  For2. The multiple sign-offs required by the
example, network services may currently beScore-boarding process ensures that appropriate
unprofitable according to the project data, but part of across-divisional issues are addressed and agreed
To Be solution may include actions to lower the costbefore significant implementation begins.
of activities that contribute to the cost of the product,3. Requiring those who will be accountable for
so that it ultimately becomes a profitable product.implementation to sign the business case which
Cost Savingssupports the score-boarded benefits facilitates the
Cost Savings includes two primary categories; capitalidentification of concerns and issues that the signatory
reduction (both working capital and fixed) and expensemay have with the To-Be recommendations.  Asking
reduction (income statement type expenses).  Youfor their signature will drive home the point that the
must track the capital reduction scoreboard benefitsproject (and you) are serious about making these
on a cash basis.  As these benefits are typically onlychanges happen.
a once off benefit, capital reductions do not have as4. The deadlines and milestones set by the process
much impact on the total scoreboard amounts asprovide a means for the process to push earlier
compared to an expense reduction that accruesdecision-making and consensus building.
annually to the company. This may surprise you but is